Characters/subfamilies;†Lagenostephaninae;Schletteriinae;Stephaninae
"Anterior part of pronotum";"Elongated as “neck”";"Not elongated as “neck”";"Elongated as “neck”"
"Hindwing with vein Cu-a";Absent;Present;Absent
"Forewing with the junction of 2-Rs, M, and 2Rs+M";"Distinctly separated";"Distinctly separated";Variable
"Hind coxa with surface sculpture";"Largely smooth";Rugose;Variable
"Hind coxa with dorsal teeth";Absent;Present;Absent
"Hind tarsus of females";5-segmented;5-segmented;Variable
"Metasoma with tergum I and sternum I";Variable;Separated;Variable
"Length of ovipositor";"Approximately as long as metasoma";"Approximately as long as body";"Approximately as long as body"