Details of cephaloskeleton in left-lateral views. A Achanthiptera rohrelliformis, second-instar larva. B Achanthiptera rohrelliformis, third-instar larva. C Potamia littoralis, second-instar larva. D Potamia littoralis, third-instar larva. E Australophyra rostrata, third-instar larva. — Abbreviations: acc, accessory stomal sclerites; aro, anterior rod; bs, basal sclerite; cut, cutaneous teeth; db, dorsal bridge; dc, dorsal cornu; de, dorsal extension; ds, dental sclerite; es, epistomal sclerite; is, intermediate sclerite; lr, longitudinal ridges in hypopharynx; ls, labial sclerite; mh, mouthhook; ob, oral bar; ol, optic lobe; pb, parastomal bar; pp, posterior projection; r, rami; rp, rectangular accessory process; sub, suprabuccal teeth; vb, ventral bridge; vc, ventral cornu; vp, ventral cornu.