Recognized within Emesini by the following combination of character states: anteocular region of head longer than postocular; labium conspicuously curved between visible segments I and II; mesonotum bearing long, erect, spine-like process; profemur armed ventrally with two series of small to medium-sized spines, posteroventral series beginning near base of segment, anteroventral series beginning at some distance from base; protarsus three-segmented; protarsal claws asymmetrical; hemelytron with pentagonal basal cell in addition to large discal cell, M and Cu veins extending basad from basal cell with M free-ending proximally; hind wing with m-cu crossvein and 2A vein present.

Including the three new species described herein, the genus comprises eight species, four distributed in Borneo and the other four in southern China (Fig. 8).

Holotype: ♀, CHINA, Fujian, Sanming, Youxi, Banmian Tw. [坂面镇], Luohanshan [罗汉山], 3.vi.2024 (CAU).

Body medium-sized, 11.4 mm; anterior lobe of pronotum nearly as long as head (Fig. 2C, D); profemur with two light-colored annuli and one subapical light-colored spot (Fig. 2E); mesofemur with six alternating dark and light annuli in apical half (Fig. 2A, B); metafemur with 17 alternating dark and light annuli (Fig. 2A, B); femorotibial articulations of mid and hind legs broadly whitish and tinged with red (Fig. 2A, B); female abdominal tergite IX 1.3 times as long as tergite VIII (Fig. 3A); posterior margin of styloides weakly incised at midpoint (Fig. 3C).

Apterous female (Fig. 2A, B). Colouration: Generally reddish-brown. Lateral and ventral surfaces of head dark brown; lateral and ventral surfaces of thorax and abdomen blackish-brown. Anteclypeus dark brown; labrum whitish-yellow. Antenna blackish-brown; extreme base and apex of scape and extreme apex of pedicel whitish-yellow. Labium blackish-brown, with base and apex of visible segment III yellowish-brown (Fig. 2D). Spine-like process on mesonotum blackish-brown (Fig. 2D). Profemur reddish-brown to dark brown, with two whitish-yellow annuli at midportion and one small whitish-yellow spot subapically (Fig. 2E); protibia dark brown (Fig. 2E); protarsus brown (Fig. 2E). Mid and hind legs yellowish-brown; meso- and metafemora each with three indistinct, broad, dark brown annuli and two narrow whitish-yellow annuli in apical half, apically broadly whitish and tinged with red (Fig. 2A, B); metafemur with five indistinct, narrow, dark brown annuli in basal half (Fig. 2A, B); meso- and metatibiae each with two indistinct dark brown annuli in basal third, basally broadly whitish and tinged with red (Fig. 2A, B); meso- and metatarsi pale brown. Abdominal tergites IV–VII each with one pair of submedian, longitudinal, yellowish-brown stripes (Fig. 2F); tergites VIII and IX yellowish-brown at midportion (Fig. 2F); tergite X yellowish-brown (Fig. 2F); connexival segments IV–VII each with one small yellowish-brown spot at anterolateral angle (Fig. 2F); sternites IV–VI each with one indistinct, small, yellowish-brown spot on both sides, and one indistinct, small, yellowish-brown spot before spiracle. — Vestiture: Body surface smooth, strongly polished, covered with dense, very short, decumbent to suberect pubescence and sparse, long, erect pubescence. Meso- and metapleura gently wrinkled. Profemur with several long, erect, strong setae ventrally; protibia with short, erect, strong setae ventrally. Connexivum gently wrinkled. — Structure: Head (Fig. 2C, D) subfusiform, 1.9 times as long as width across eyes; width across eyes twice as broad as interocular space. Eye (Fig. 2C, D) small, far remote from dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view. Antennal scape 1.15 times as long as pedicel, four times as long as head; basiflagellomere slightly longer than distiflagellomere. Labium (Fig. 2D) with visible segment I 1.25 times as long as visible segment II; visible segment III 1.7 times as long as visible segment I. Pronotum (Fig. 2C, D) subcylindrical, 1.8 times as long as its maximum width; anterior lobe nearly as long as head, gradually narrowed posteriorly; posterior lobe short, collar-like. Mesonotum (Fig. 2C, D) slightly convex dorsally, with faint longitudinal carina along midline, posteriorly with erect spine-like process; metanotum (Fig. 2C, D) 0.45 times as long as mesonotum, flattened dorsally; meso- and metasterna with longitudinal carina along midline. Foreleg (Fig. 2E) robust; procoxa 1.5 times as long as pronotum; profemur gently curved, 11.5 times as long as its maximum width, 1.8 times as long as procoxa; posteroventral series composed of eight long spines and many smaller ones inserted on distinct basal processes, and of some small, denticle-like spines apically; protibia 0.75 times as long as profemur, armed ventrally with two irregular rows of small denticles. Meso- and metatibiae 1.45 and 1.5 times as long as respective femur. Abdomen (Fig. 2F) elongate, 4.6 times as long as its maximum width. Female genitalia: tergite VIII (Fig. 3A, B) transverse, subsemicircular; tergite IX (Fig. 3A, B) trapezoidal, 1.3 times as long as tergite VIII; tergite X (Fig. 3A, B) clearly exposed; valvifer I (Fig. 3B, C) broad, with rounded posterolateral margin and nearly straight posteromedial margin; valvula I (Fig. 3B, C) small, apically obtuse; posterior margin of styloides weakly incised at midpoint (Fig. 3C). — Measurements: [in mm, ♀ (n = 1)]. Length of body: to apex of abdomen 11.40; length of head 1.50; length of anteocular region 0.60; length of postocular region 0.90; width across eyes 0.80; interocular space 0.40; length of antennal segments 5.95, 5.10, 1.05, 1.00; length of visible labial segments 0.50, 0.40, 0.85; length of anterior pronotal lobe 1.30; length of posterior pronotal lobe 0.25; maximum width of anterior pronotal lobe 0.86; maximum width of posterior pronotal lobe 0.70; length of procoxa, femur, tibia, tarsus 2.35, 4.25, 3.20, 0.50; maximum width of profemur 0.35; length of mid femur, tibia, tarsus 7.05, 10.30, 0.40; length of metafemur, tibia, tarsus 9.20, 13.80, 0.45; length of abdomen 6.40; maximum width of abdomen 1.40.

China – Fujian: Youxi (Fig. 8).

The specific epithet is derived from Latin ornata (meaning ornated or decorated), referring to the impressive color patterns of this new species.

Chinemesa ornatasp. n. and C. feminata are known only from the apterous female. However, these two species are not conspecific because the new species possesses completely different body size and colouration. The anterior lobe of the pronotum is nearly as long as the head in C. ornatasp. n. but much longer in C. feminata.

Based on our phylogenetic results, C. ornatasp. n. is closely related to C. weilingfengisp. n. (see below). It is distinguished from the latter by the longer anterior lobe of the pronotum which is subequal in length of the head, and the reddish femorotibial articulations of mid and hind legs. In C. weilingfengisp. n., the anterior lobe of the pronotum is distinctly shorter than the head, the femorotibial articulations of mid and hind legs are whitish, and the extreme base of the meso- and metatibiae is dark brown. The COX1 genetic distance between C. ornatasp. n. and C. weilingfengisp. n. is 13.6%, falling within the range of interspecific distances among the sampled Chinemesa species (11.6%–22.8%), indicating that they should be treated as distinct species.

Holotype: ♂, CHINA, Xizang, Nyingchi, Medog, Damu Tw. [达木乡], 1420 m, 11.vi.2017, Chufei Tang (CAU). Paratype: 1♂, CHINA, Xizang, Nyingchi, Medog, Damu Tw. [达木乡], 1814 m, 22.vi.2017, Chufei Tang (CAU).

Body medium-sized, 11–12 mm; head bicolorous, blackish anterior lobe and reddish posterior lobe (Fig. 4A, B); anterior lobe of pronotum slightly shorter than head (Fig. 4A, B); posterior lobe of pronotum with one pair of submedian, oblique, yellowish-brown stripes in basal half (Fig. 4A); procoxa with one median light-colored annulus (Fig. 4D); profemur with three light-colored annuli (Fig. 4D); meso- and metafemora with two indistinct, pale brown annuli and two broad, dark brown annuli in apical half, and one apical whitish annulus; hemelytron with indistinct reticulate patterns (Fig. 4A); connexivum bicolorous (Fig. 4B, C); abdomen ventrally with light-colored spots on both sides (Fig. 4B, C); phallosoma with paired lateral sclerites and one pair of dorsolateral lobes near apex (Fig. 5F–H).

Macropterous male (Fig. 4A–C): Colouration: Generally blackish-brown. Anterior lobe of head with one pair of triangular, whitish-yellow spots behind antennal insertions (Fig. 4A); posterior lobe reddish-brown (Fig. 4A, B); apex and lateral margins of anteclypeus yellowish-brown; labrum whitish-yellow. Extreme apex of antennal scape whitish. Labium with base and apex of visible segment III yellowish-brown (Fig. 4B). Anterior lobe of pronotum tinged with brown along midline (Fig. 4A); posterior lobe with one pair of submedian, oblique, yellowish-brown stripes in anterior half (Fig. 4A). Procoxa with broad, pale brown annulus at midpoint (Fig. 4D); profemur dark brown to blackish-brown, with two whitish-yellow annuli at midportion and one small whitish-yellow spot subbasally (Fig. 4D); protibia with narrow whitish-yellow annulus at midpoint (Fig. 4D); protarsus brown (Fig. 4D). Mid and hind legs yellowish-brown; meso- and metafemora each with one indistinct, narrow, whitish-yellow annulus at base, two indistinct, pale brown annuli and two broad, dark brown annuli in apical half, apically broadly whitish; mesotibia with two broad, dark brown annuli in basal third, basally broadly whitish. Hemelytron brown, with indistinct reticulate patterns (Fig. 4A); veins partially yellowish-brown. Abdomen dark brown to blackish-brown; connexival segments III–VII yellowish-brown in basal half (Fig. 4B, C); sternite III with one small yellowish-brown spot posteriorly on both sides (Fig. 4B, C); sternites IV–VI each with two small yellowish-brown spots on both sides (Fig. 4B, C). — Vestiture: Body surface smooth, strongly polished, covered with dense, very short, decumbent to suberect pubescence and sparse, long, erect pubescence. Posterior lobe of pronotum transversely wrinkled. Meso- and metapleura gently wrinkled. Profemur with several long, erect, strong setae ventrally; protibia with short, erect, strong setae ventrally. — Structure: Head (Fig. 4A–C) elongate oval, 1.1 times as long as width across eyes; width across eyes 2.15 times as broad as interocular space. Eye (Fig. 4A–C) medium-sized, remote from dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view. Labium (Fig. 4B, C) with visible segments I and II subequal in length; visible segment III 1.65–1.75 times as long as visible segment I. Pronotum (Fig. 4A, B) 1.35 times as long as width across humeral angles; anterior lobe 0.9 times as long as head, with shallow longitudinal furrow along midline; posterior lobe bell-like, with shallow, triangular, median impression on disc, humeral angles rounded and slightly elevated, posterior margin gently concave. Scutellum (Fig. 4A, B) semicircular, with erect spine-like process. Metanotum with short spine-like process; meso- and metasterna (Fig. 4C) with longitudinal carina along midline. Foreleg (Fig. 4D) robust; procoxa 0.9 times as long as pronotum; profemur gently curved, 14.5 times as long as its maximum width, twice as long as procoxa; posteroventral series composed of nine long spines and many smaller ones inserted on distinct basal processes, and of some small, denticle-like spines apically; protibia 0.8 times as long as profemur, armed ventrally with two irregular rows of small denticles. Mesotibia 1.55 times as long as mesofemur. Hemelytron (Fig. 4A) narrow at proximal portion and widest at subapical portion; M basad of subbasal cell less than half of length of Cu; subbasal cell acuminate. Abdomen (Fig. 4B, C) elongate, 3.5–3.6 times as long as its maximum width. Male genitalia: pygophore (Fig. 5A–C) oblong, with narrow transverse bridge and wide, flattened, deeply incised apical projection; paramere (Fig. 4D, E) short, curved, with subacute apex; phallus as shown in Fig. 5F–H; articulatory apparatus thick, with basal plate arms widely separated; phallosoma membranous, with one pair of narrow lateral sclerites and one pair of dorsolateral lobes near apex; struts long and slender, apically widened and flattened; endosoma tube-like. — Measurements: [in mm, ♂ (n = 2)]. Length of body: to apex of hemelytron 12.00, to apex of abdomen 11.00–11.30; length of head 1.10–1.30; length of anteocular region 0.50; length of postocular region 0.40; width across eyes 1.05–1.10; interocular space 0.50; length of antennal segments 6.20, ? (missing), ? (missing), ? (missing); length of visible labial segments 0.40–0.45, 0.40–0.45, 0.70–0.75; length of anterior pronotal lobe 1.05–1.10; length of posterior pronotal lobe 1.15–1.40; maximum width of anterior pronotal lobe 0.80–0.90; maximum width of posterior pronotal lobe 1.70–1.80; length of procoxa, femur, tibia, tarsus 2.10, 4.30–4.40, 3.40, 0.50; maximum width of profemur 0.30; length of mesofemur, tibia, tarsus 6.30, 9.70, 0.50; length of metafemur, tibia, tarsus 9.50, ? (missing), ? (missing); length of hemelytron 7.90; length of abdomen 6.10–6.50; maximum width of abdomen 1.75–1.80.

China – Xizang: Medog (Fig. 8).

The specific epithet is derived from Latin pulchella (meaning beautiful), referring to the peculiar markings on the head, pronotum, and abdomen of this new species.

Chinemesa pulchellasp. n. can be distinguished from its other congeners by the remarkable color patterns first of all: body generally blackish (vs reddish-brown to dark brown in other species); head bicolorous, with anterior lobe blackish and posterior lobe reddish (vs head concolorous in other species); abdomen ventrally with whitish-yellow spots on both sides (vs lacking such spots in other species).

This new species is morphologically similar to C. chinensis and C. murudiana. These species share the medium body size, the relatively short anterior lobe of the pronotum (shorter than the head), and the bicolorous connexivum. The new species can be readily separated from the latter two species by: procoxa about half as long as profemur (vs much longer than half of length in C. murudiana); meso- and metafemora each with four alternating light and dark annuli, and one apical whitish annulus (vs with 15 alternating light and dark annuli in C. murudiana; mesofemur with two broad and one narrow light annuli, metafemur with six dark annuli and one apical whitish annulus in C. chinensis); hemelytron with indistinct reticulate patterns (vs with distinct reticulate patterns in C. murudiana); subbasal cell of hemelytron acuminate (vs broad in C. chinensis); pygophore oblong (vs elongate oval in C. chinensis); phallosoma with paired lateral sclerites near apex (vs without such sclerites in C. murudiana).

Holotype: ♂, CHINA, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengla, Wangtianshu [望天树], 19.xi.2022, Lingfeng Wei (CAU).

Body small-sized, 9.5 mm; anterior lobe of pronotum distinctly shorter than head (Fig. 6C, D); posterior lobe of pronotum with one pair of submedian, oblique, yellowish-brown stripes, humeral angle yellowish-brown (Fig. 6C, D); profemur with two light-colored annuli and one subapical light-colored spot (Fig. 6E); meso- and metafemora with 15 and 17 alternating dark and light annuli, respectively (Fig. 6A, B); extreme base of meso- and metatibiae dark brown (Fig. 6A, B); hemelytron with distinct reticulate patterns (Fig. 6F); connexivum bicolorous (Fig. 6B); phallosoma with paired lateral sclerites near apex (Fig. 7F–H).

Macropterous male (Fig. 6A, B). Colouration: Generally dark brown. Head reddish-brown, with portion before antennal insertions darker (Fig. 6C, D); labrum pale brown. Antenna blackish-brown; extreme apex of scape and pedicel whitish-yellow. Labium with intersegmental portions yellowish-brown (Fig. 6D). Pronotum blackish-brown; dorsal surface of anterior lobe reddish-brown (Fig. 6C, D); posterior lobe with one pair of submedian, oblique, yellowish-brown stripes reaching posterior margin, humeral angle yellowish-brown (Fig. 6C, D). Meso- and metapleura and sterna blackish-brown. Procoxa and trochanter reddish-brown (Fig. 6E); profemur reddish-brown to blackish-brown, with two whitish-yellow annuli at midportion and one small whitish-yellow spot subapically (Fig. 6E); protibia blackish-brown (Fig. 6E); protarsus brown (Fig. 6E). Mid and hind legs yellowish-brown; meso- and metafemora each with four or five narrow dark brown annuli in basal half, three broad dark brown annuli and two narrow whitish-yellow annuli in apical half, apically broadly whitish (Fig. 6A, B); meso- and metatibiae each with two broad dark brown annuli in basal third, basally broadly whitish with extreme base dark brown (Fig. 6A, B). Hemelytron brown, with distinct reticulate patterns; veins yellowish-brown (Fig. 6F). Abdomen with connexival segments IV–VII yellowish-brown in basal half (Fig. 6B). — Vestiture: Body surface smooth, strongly polished, covered with dense, very short, decumbent to suberect pubescence and sparse, long, erect pubescence. Antennal scape densely covered with long erect setae about three times as long as diameter of segment. Posterior lobe of pronotum transversely wrinkled. Meso- and metapleura gently wrinkled. Profemur with several long, erect, strong setae ventrally; protibia with short, erect, strong setae ventrally. — Structure: Head (Fig. 6C, D) subfusiform, 1.3 times as long as width across eyes; width across eyes 2.4 times as broad as interocular space. Eye (Fig. 6C, D) large, reaching dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view. Antennal scape 1.05 times as long as pedicel, 5.3 times as long as head; basiflagellomere slightly shorter than distiflagellomere. Labium (Fig. 6D) with visible segment I 1.3 times as long as visible segment II; visible segment III 1.75 times as long as visible segment I. Pronotum (Fig. 6C, D) 1.5 times as long as width across humeral angles; anterior lobe 0.7 times as long as head, with shallow longitudinal furrow along midline; posterior lobe bell-like, with shallow, triangular, median impression on disc, humeral angles rounded and slightly elevated, posterior margin concave. Scutellum (Fig. 6C, D) semicircular, with erect spine-like process. Metanotum with short spine-like process; meso- and metasterna with longitudinal carina along midline. Foreleg (Fig. 6E) robust; procoxa 1.05 times as long as pronotum; profemur gently curved, 13 times as long as its maximum width, 1.7 times as long as procoxa; posteroventral series composed of eight long spines and many smaller ones inserted on distinct basal processes, and of some small, denticle-like spines apically; protibia 0.85 times as long as profemur, armed ventrally with two irregular rows of small denticles. Meso- and metatibiae 1.55 and 1.7 times as long as respective femur. Hemelytron (Fig. 6F) narrow at proximal portion and widest at subapical portion; M basad of subbasal cell about one-third as long as Cu; subbasal cell acuminate. Abdomen elongate, 4.4 times as long as its maximum width. Male genitalia: pygophore (Fig. 7A–C) oblong, with narrow transverse bridge and wide, flattened, weakly incised apical projection; paramere (Fig. 7D, E) short, curved, with obtuse apex; phallus as shown in Fig. 7F–H; articulatory apparatus thick, with basal plate arms widely separated; phallosoma membranous, with one pair of narrow lateral sclerites near apex; struts long and slender, apically widened and flattened. — Measurements [in mm, ♂ (n = 1)]. Length of body: to apex of hemelytron 9.10, to apex of abdomen 9.50; length of head 1.10; length of anteocular region 0.40; length of postocular region 0.25; width across eyes 0.85; interocular space 0.35; length of antennal segments 5.80, 5.50, 1.00, 1.50; length of visible labial segments 0.40, 0.30, 0.70; length of anterior pronotal lobe 0.80; length of posterior pronotal lobe 1.00; maximum width of anterior pronotal lobe 0.60; maximum width of posterior pronotal lobe 1.20; length of procoxa, femur, tibia, tarsus 1.90, 3.30, 2.80, 0.40; maximum width of profemur 0.25; length of mesofemur, tibia, tarsus 6.10, 9.50, 0.40; length of metafemur, tibia, tarsus 8.40, 14.60, 0.40; length of hemelytron 5.90; length of abdomen 5.30; maximum width of abdomen 1.20.

China – Yunnan: Mengla (Fig. 8).

This new species is dedicated to Mr. Lingfeng Wei (Forest City Studio, Shanghai, China), the collector of the holotype of this rare species, for his kind support to our study of Reduviidae.

Chinemesa weilingfengisp. n. is morphologically similar to C. murudiana in the similar color patterns of the mid and hind legs, the distinct reticular patterns on the hemelytron, and the bicolored connexivum. This new species can be easily distinguished from the latter by: body small-sized, 9.5 mm in length (vs 14 mm in C. murudiana); anterior lobe of pronotum distinctly shorter than head (vs slightly shorter than head in C. murudiana); extreme base of meso- and metatibiae dark brown (vs broadly whitish in C. murudiana); phallosoma with paired lateral sclerites near apex (vs without such sclerites in C. murudiana).